Silsiladda saxda ah ee wax-soo-saarka semiconductor, nidaamka wareejinta wafer-ku wuxuu la mid yahay "lineline of the line production line", iyo xasiloonideeda iyo saxnaanteeda ayaa si toos ah u go'aamisa heerka wax-soo-saarka chips. Jiilka cusub ee hababka wareejinta waferka ayaa si kacaan ah isugu dara matoorada toosan iyo saldhigyada granite, iyo faa'iidooyinka gaarka ah ee alaabta granite ayaa si sax ah u ah koodhka xudunta u ah si loo furo gudbinta waxqabadka sare.
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Saldhigga Granite: Dhisidda "asaaska-dhagaxa adag" ee gudbinta xasilloon
Granite, isagoo soo maray boqollaal milyan oo sano oo sifeyn juquraafi ah, wuxuu leeyahay cufan iyo lebbiska macdanta gudaha. Dabeecaddan dabiiciga ah waxay ka dhigaysaa shay saldhigga ugu fiican ee hababka wareejinta wafer. Deegaanka adag ee qolalka nadiifka ah ee semiconductor, granite, oo leh isugeyntiisa aadka u hooseeya ee ballaarinta kulaylka (kaliya 5-7 × 10⁻ / ℃), waxay iska caabin kartaa kulaylka soo baxa inta lagu jiro hawlgalka qalabka iyo saamaynta isbeddelka heerkulka deegaanka, hubinta xasilloonida cabbirka saldhigga iyo ka fogaanshaha marinka gudbinta ee ay keento qallafsanaanta kulaylka. Its waxqabadka damping gariirada heer sare ah si deg deg ah u nuugi kartaa gariirada farsamo abuur inta lagu guda jiro bilowga-up, xidhitaanka iyo dardargelinta matoorrada toosan, iyo sidoo kale faragelinta dibadda keeno hawlgalka qalabka kale ee aqoon isweydaarsiga, bixinta madal xasilloon oo leh " eber rux" ee gudbinta wafer. ?
Dhanka kale, xasiloonida kiimikada ee granite waxay hubisaa in aysan daxaleynin ama miridhku ku jirin semiconductor workshops halkaas oo acid iyo reagents alkali waa kacsan iyo nadaafad sare loo baahan yahay, sidaas darteed ka fogaansho saamaynta ku saabsan saxnaanta gudbinta ay sabab u tahay gabowga alaabta ama adsorption wasakh ah. Sifooyinka dusha sare ee siman iyo cufan waxay si wax ku ool ah u yareeyn karaan dhejinta boodhka, iyagoo buuxinaya heerarka adag ee aan boodhka lahayn ee qolalka nadiifka ah iyo baabi'inta khatarta wasakhda wafer ee xididka. ?
Saamaynta "iskaashi dahab ah" ee matoorada toosan iyo granite
Matoorada tooska ah, oo leh astaamo aan lahayn nadiifinta gudbinta farsamada, dardargelinta sare iyo xawaaraha jawaabta sare, waxay ku siinaysaa gudbinta wafer faa'iidooyinka "dhakhso, sax ah oo xasilloon". Saldhigga granite wuxuu bixiyaa madal taageero oo adag oo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Labaduba waxay wada shaqeeyaan si ay u gaadhaan boodbood xagga waxqabadka. Marka matoorka toosan uu u kaxeeyo qaadaha wafer-ka si uu ugu socdo jidka granite-ka, qallafsanaanta xooggan iyo xasilloonida saldhigga waxay hubisaa gudbinta hufan ee xoogga wadista mootada, ka fogaanshaha xoog lumin ama dib-u-dhac gudbineed oo ay keento cillad salka. ?
Iyada oo ay sabab u tahay baahida loo qabo saxnaanta nanoscale, matoorada toosan waxa ay gaadhi karaan xakamaynta barokaca heer-yar-yar. Astaamaha farsamaynta saxda ah ee saxda ah ee saldhigyada granite (oo leh khaladaadka fidsan ee lagu xakameynayo ± 1μm) waxay si fiican ugu habboon yihiin xakamaynta saxda ah ee matoorada tooska ah, si wadajir ah u hubinaya in qaladka meelaynta inta lagu jiro gudbinta wafer uu ka yar yahay ± 5μm. Haddi ay tahay daminta xawaaraha sare ee qalabka kala duwan ama baarkinka saxda ah ee wareejinta waferka, isku darka matoorada toosan iyo saldhigyada granite waxay xaqiijin karaan "eber weecan iyo eber jitter" gudbinta waferka. ?
Xaqiijinta ku dhaqanka warshadaha: Laba-kor u kaca ee hufnaanta iyo heerka wax-soosaarka
Ka dib markii ay cusboonaysiisay nidaamkeeda wareejinta wafer-ka, shirkad caalami ah oo hormuud ka ah semiconductor waxay qaadatay matoor toosan + xalka saldhigga granite, kaas oo kordhiyey hufnaanta wareejinta wafer 40%, hoos u dhigtay heerka dhacdooyinka khaladaadka sida shilalka iyo dhimista inta lagu jiro habka wareejinta 85%, wuxuuna hagaajiyay heerka wax-soosaarka guud ee chips 6%. Xogta ka dambeysa waxay ku jirtaa dammaanadda xasilloonida gudbinta ee ay bixiso saldhigga granite iyo xawaaraha sare iyo saamaynta saxda ah ee isdhexgalka ee mashiinka toosan, taas oo si weyn u yaraynaysa khasaaraha iyo qaladka habka gudbinta wafer. ?
Laga soo bilaabo sifooyinka alaabta ilaa wax soo saarka saxda ah, laga bilaabo faa'iidooyinka waxqabadka ilaa xaqiijinta la taaban karo, isku darka matoorada tooska ah iyo saldhigyada granite ayaa dib u qeexay heerarka hababka wareejinta waferka. Mustaqbalka marka tignoolajiyada semiconductor ay horumariso dhanka 3nm iyo hababka 2nm, agabka granite waxa hubaal ah in ay sii wadi doonaan in ay dardar xoog leh galiyaan horumarka warshadaha faa’iidooyinkooda aan la bedeli karin.
Waqtiga boostada: Meey-14-2025